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Restoration brings endangered egrets to China’s Yellow Sea coast_我的网站
A | 天刚蒙蒙亮，一辆私家车从邯郸驶出，向南，越过平原，穿过群山，奔赴千里之外的浙江省遂昌县。车内，年逾古稀的高英端坐着，神情庄重。四十多年来，她走军营、访老兵、送新兵、帮烈属，常常自驾奔波。旁人劝她慢一点、歇一歇，她总是摆摆手：“怕慢了，耽误战士们的事。
At 5 am, Wang Piyu, deputy director of the Changhai County Natural Resources Affairs Service Center, sets out by patrol boat for Fantuozi Island, a core breeding site for Chinese egrets in the Changshan Archipelago, Northeast China's Liaoning Province. The island has no permanent residents.
About 100 meters from the island, Wang turns off the engine and reminds accompanying researchers to keep their voices low to avoid disturbing the nesting birds.
Stepping onto the island, they walk along paths covered with vines. Scattered across the rocky slopes are nests measuring 40 to 50 centimeters in diameter. Inside, fluffy chicks huddle together among soft grass woven into nests, while adult birds perch high in the trees, watching cautiously.
"This was not what the island looked like 10 years ago," Wang recalled. "People used to collect eggs here, and coastal aquaculture polluted the tidal flats. Many parts of the island were bare, leaving little vegetation for birds to nest."
The recovery of Changshan Archipelago, however, has turned the remote archipelago into an important link in global conservation efforts.
At the 48th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in Busan, South Korea, the boundary modification of the Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China was approved, officially adding the Changshan Archipelago to the World Heritage site.
The expansion further strengthens the integrity of the serial natural heritage site, following a previous update in 2024, and highlights China's efforts to integrate coastal ecosystem conservation, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
Behind the World Heritage recognition lies years of conservation work involving local authorities and island residents.
Located in the northern Yellow Sea off Dalian, the Changshan Archipelago sits along a key route of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, providing an essential stopover where tens of millions of migratory birds replenish their energy during their journeys across the Bohai Sea.
The newly added area covers more than 4,900 hectares and is home to more than 140 recorded bird species, including the Chinese egret and black-faced spoonbill, both listed as China's national first-class protected animals.
In 2015, more than 300 Chinese egrets arrived in Changhai county. After discovering the birds, local authorities introduced a series of protective measures, including establishing patrol teams and installing remote monitoring systems to reduce human disturbance.
However, the growing bird population also created new challenges.
Less than half of Fantuozi Island was covered by shrubs, which serve as the nesting grounds for the egrets. Additionally, the island's poor soil and acidification caused by years of accumulated bird droppings had led to the withering and death of some shrubs in recent years.
From 2022, the county launched an ecological restoration project, replacing surface soil with fertile earth and planting more than 2,200 shrubs.
The efforts helped restore the breeding habitat. The number of Chinese egrets on the island has since recovered, with this year's population estimated at about 3,500, including around 1,500 adults and nearly 2,000 chicks, according to Lü Yongquan, director of Changhai county's natural resources bureau.
"Chinese egrets are highly sensitive to water quality, vegetation and human disturbance. Their return to breed here is a sign that the marine ecosystem has recovered and is thriving," Lü told the Global Times.
From fishermen to guardians
Conservation in Changhai is not only carried out by authorities. Local communities have also gradually become part of the protection network.
Authorities have expanded public awareness campaigns and strengthened patrols. Because most of the Changshan Archipelago is uninhabited, drones, fixed-point infrared cameras, and on-site inspections are used to monitor the islands and reefs around the clock.
Many fishermen who once relied on the sea for their livelihoods now help protect it.
During the peak breeding season from April to July, regular marine patrols are carried out to protect nesting sites and prevent illegal egg collection and habitat damage. Local bird conservation groups and research institutions have also joined the efforts, while fishermen have taken on new roles as volunteer guardians of the islands.
Across Changhai county, many fishermen now actively participate in coastal patrols to help protect the archipelago's biodiversity.
For Li Qingsen, a 50-year-old island native and member of the county's forest fire brigade, protecting the birds has become a way of life.
From spring to autumn, 20 team members take turns staying on Fantuozi Island in pairs to protect the birds from disturbance.
Life on the 0.08-square-kilometer island is far from easy. There are no freshwater sources or docks. Patrol workers carry large barrels of water and wade ashore from boats anchored offshore. Instant noodles are often their main food because they require little preparation and some water.
Their work is closely tied to the seasonal cycle of the birds. Each April, thousands of Chinese egrets arrive in the archipelago from Southeast Asia to breed and rear their young, staying until early September before migrating south for the winter.
At present, young egrets are already practicing flight above the treetops. By autumn, they will join their parents in a southward migration.
For Wang, who has spent half of his life guarding Fantuozi Island, the World Heritage recognition is both a homecoming for the birds and a reward for years of protection. "Now, it is a home for the birds, and a reward for all the years we have spent protecting it."
。”这一次，她不是去慰问，也不是去帮扶，而是去迎接一位英雄回家——接邯郸永年籍抗日英烈单本贵遗骸归葬故里。忠骨漂泊异乡数十载，终于踏上归途。在她看来，迎英烈回家，是迟到数十年的团圆，也是一次跨越时空的精神接力：山河无恙，英雄不朽；岁月远去，人民从未忘却。一个普通人，为什么能用四十二年做同一件事？为什么从青丝走到白发，仍把拥军当作生命中最要紧的事？答案，要从半个多世纪前的太行山下说起。星火照初心：从成为民兵到半生拥军十六岁那年，乡村少女高英凭着一股不服输的劲头，层层选拔进入女民兵迫击炮班。沉重的炮身、冰冷的炮架、繁复的操作，对她来说都不是最难的。真正让她发愁的，是弹道弧线、炮口初速、高低射界等一串串专业术语和计算公式。
B | 文化程度不高的她，白天跟着练，晚上挑灯学；动作不标准，就一遍遍纠正；理论弄不懂，就一个字一个字地啃。手掌磨出血泡，肩头硌出淤青，她从不肯退一步。她认准一个朴素的道理：既然扛起了钢枪火炮，就不能拖集体后腿；既然站进了民兵队伍，就要练出保家卫国的真本领。
C | 后来，在省民兵大比武中，她带领班组取得优异成绩，个人获得全省第二名。可多年以后回望青春，高英记得最深的不是名次，而是遗憾：“要是文化再高一点、理论再扎实一点，我还能做得更好。
D | ”一次拉练途中，队伍星夜行军，走访老区地下党员、游击队员、交通员，聆听烽火岁月里的家国故事。冀中根据地知识分子熊大缜弃笔从戎，在极端艰苦的环境中研制地雷、炸药和无线电设备，以知识报国、以科技御敌的事迹，深深震撼了高英。
E | 那一夜，她第一次如此真切地懂得：卫国，不只有冲锋的勇气，还要有知识的底气；强军，不只靠钢铁意志，也离不开文化素养、专业技能和科技力量。她在心里许下一个愿望：将来有能力了，一定要帮助子弟兵多学知识、多长本领，让他们在军营能建功，走出军营也能站稳。
F | 彼时，这只是一个民兵少女的朴素心愿。谁也没有想到，它会穿越半个多世纪，照亮许多人的人生转弯处。军嫂懂兵心：把“小家后方”守成“军营亲情”后来，高英进入农业大学邯郸分校牧医系工作，与海军战士刘德举结为夫妻。从民兵到军嫂，她与军营的联系更深了。丈夫常年驻守海疆，战备执勤任务重，顾不上家。
G | 照料老人、养育孩子、操持家务、完成工作，生活的担子几乎都落在高英肩上。
H | 写信、通电话时，她总是报喜不报忧。她知道，前方军人守的是国家，后方军嫂守的是军心。
I | 把家守稳了，丈夫才能安心站岗；把牵挂压在心底，海疆才多一分安宁。正因为做过军嫂，她懂军人的不易，也懂年轻战士的乡愁。她知道紧急集合的号声有多急，知道一封家书在营房里有多珍贵，更知道万家团圆的除夕夜，远离故乡的战士会怎样想念父母、惦记家人。因为亲历，所以懂得；因为懂得，所以心疼；因为心疼，便再也放不下。上世纪80年代，学校把一片荒芜破败的实验牧场交给高英管理。没资金、没设备、缺人手，她白天工作，晚上盘算，几乎被困难逼到墙角。驻地官兵得知后，利用休息时间来帮忙：平整场地、搬运物料、搭建棚舍，一身泥、一身汗，不拿一分钱，也不提任何要求。这份雪中送炭的情谊，高英记了一辈子。她常说：“部队的恩情，一辈子也还不完。”为了表达感激，她带着全家老小炒出600多包爆米花，送到军营。
J | 从那以后，除夕进军营，成了高英家雷打不动的“团圆方式”。她带着面粉、肉馅和汤圆赶到部队，北方战士想家，就包饺子；南方战士念乡，就煮汤圆。铁打的营盘流水的兵，一茬茬战士入伍、成长、退役，营房里的人不断更换，“高妈妈”却年年如约。有人离开部队多年，仍记得她端来的那碗饺子；有人走南闯北，仍记得除夕夜里那句“孩子，多吃点”。
K | 军民鱼水情，正是在这样细小而长久的陪伴中，成为一茬茬官兵心中温暖的记忆。在她的带动下，拥军也成为一个家庭共同的选择。丈夫退役后，常年义务为官兵和随军家属问诊，遇到困难还主动垫付医药费；两个儿子从小耳濡目染，读书时省下奖学金支持母亲，工作后只要时间允许，就陪她走军营、访老兵。这个家没有写在墙上的家训，却有用四十多年的行动写在心里的：子弟兵守护山河，我们来守护子弟兵。拥军不止到营门：既暖当下，更护远方最初，高英的拥军，是一袋袋物资、一顿顿热饭、一次次陪伴。部队清淤、抗旱打井、野外驻训，她带着慰问品赶到一线；酷暑执勤、汛期值守、重大安保，她惦记官兵吃得好不好、休息够不够。走得越近，听得越多，她越能触摸到战士心底不愿轻易说出的忧虑。
L | 有年轻战士告诉她：“在部队不怕苦、不怕累，就怕退役后学历不高、专业受限，找不到工作，也不知道能干什么。
M | ”这句话像一根针，扎进高英心里。
N | 她忽然意识到，拥军不能只送到营门口，更不能止于服役期。物资慰问能解一时之需，本领赋能才能托举长远人生；真正深沉的拥军，既要温暖军人的今天，也要托举他们离开军营后的明天。她发挥自己的专业特长，免费讲授养殖技术，赠送种苗和药品，提供市场信息，手把手教、一次次跑。先后有120多名退役军人和军烈属，在她帮助下依靠特色养殖摆脱困境。在高英眼里，“120多”从来不是一串冷冰冰的数字。每一个数字背后，都是一个重新燃起希望的家庭：是退役军人挺直的腰杆，是老人安稳的晚年，是孩子不再因贫困中断的学业，也是一个家重新燃起的希望。
o | 退役军人肖和成的经历，是其中一个缩影。退役后，他贷款办起养鸡场，满怀信心想闯出一条路，却因不懂疫病防控，鸡苗接连死亡，损失越来越大。眼看养鸡场要垮，他的信心也几乎被拖垮。高英得知后，当即联系农业专家，带着防疫药品驱车百余公里赶去。闷热的鸡舍里，她逐只查看鸡群状况，从饲料配比、温湿度、通风消毒到疫病防治，一项项查找问题；一次指导不够，她就反复往返，既帮助解决眼前危机，也把养殖技术、成本控制和市场经营经验教给他。后来，濒临倒闭的养鸡场活了过来，规模发展到3万多只，年收入超过20万元。肖和成依然保持着当年那股敢打硬仗的精气神。高英一直相信，军装可以脱下，军人的本色不会褪去；军营可以离开，奋斗的战场依然辽阔。她所做的，就是在老兵受挫时扶一把、迷茫时点一盏灯，让他们知道：离开军营，不是精彩人生的落幕，而是奔赴新的战场。从“送温暖”到“送能力”：让拥军走向长效赋能帮助的人越多，高英越感到个人力量的有限。她开始思考：能不能把零散帮扶变成制度化服务，把一时救急变成长久赋能，把一个人的热心变成一群人的事业？由此，她的拥军方式完成了一次重要跃升——从送物资、送温暖，转向送知识、送技能、送平台；从解决眼前困难，转向增强发展能力。依托高校教育资源，她推动开展“书香进军营、科技进军营”活动，把课堂搬进营区，把实用技能送到训练一线。得知野外驻训部队文化资源不足，她一次采购5000册图书，涵盖文学、历史、科普和实用技术，送到演训场。有人问，驻训那么苦，为什么不多送些生活物资？高英说，物资当然需要，但战士们更需要能够陪伴一生的知识和本领。多年来，她联动高校搭建官兵成才平台，设立12个函授站点，开放43个军地通用专业，累计帮助500多名基层官兵提升学历，近300名官兵取得中级职业技能证书。一张文凭、一本证书，看似很轻，却可能改变一名战士的人生轨迹。为了破解退役军人就业创业难题，高英又把目光投向更大的平台建设。2014年，她创办退役军人免费军地职业技术学院；2016年，建成省退役军人创业孵化基地。近年来，她的脚步没有停在传统产业上，而是紧跟时代变化，推动园区向科技企业、跨境电商等新业态拓展，为老兵开辟新的就业创业赛道。截至目前，园区累计免费培训退役军人6000余人次，孵化创业实体210余家，带动5000余名退役军人稳定就业、增收致富。许多曾经站在人生十字路口的老兵，在这里学到技能、找到岗位、创办企业，重新找回方向和尊严。她还牵头成立省双拥艺术团，开展红色宣讲和拥军演出近200场。她相信，拥军既要让军人得到实实在在的帮助，也要让尊崇军人、热爱国防成为全社会的共同价值。42载一件事：平凡坚守抵达非凡从16岁的民兵少女，到年逾古稀的拥军模范；从一名普通军嫂，到官兵口中的“高妈妈”；从送一包爆米花、包一顿饺子，到创办学院、建设基地、搭建平台——42年，高英做的事情在变，初心从未改变。她先后获得全国爱国拥军模范、全国最美拥军人物、全国三八红旗手、中国好人等10项国家级荣誉和58项省市级表彰。2024年，她受邀走进人民大会堂，出席中华人民共和国成立75周年招待会。荣誉接踵而来，她依然习惯把自己称作“一个普通军嫂”。
p | 奖章被妥善收好，脚步却一刻不停。她关心的仍是哪个老兵工作还没着落，哪户烈属生活还有困难，哪支部队需要书籍，哪名退役军人创业遇到了坎。烽火岁月里，“子弟兵的母亲”戎冠秀舍生忘死救护八路军伤员，把乳汁和生命都献给人民军队；和平年代，高英以另一种方式延续着同样的深情：不图回报，把拥军做成一生的事业。迎接英烈归乡的千里路上，高英曾久久望着窗外。山河壮阔，村庄安宁，灯火绵延。眼前的和平，正是无数英烈和一代代军人用牺牲与坚守换来的。
q | 她所做的一切，不过是想让守护山河的人被温柔以待，让为国奉献的人不被遗忘，让从军报国成为全社会尊崇的选择。
r | 有人问她，还要走多久？她的回答依旧朴素：“只要我还能走、还能干，拥军这条路，我就会一直走下去。”（作者：刘松峰、王栋、马战士、周同义）。
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